暗物质与暗能量:它们到底是什么副标题(科学):将“暗部门”建模为时空结构/动力学假说,并设置对照模型避免相关性误判因果(Dark sector as spacetime-structure hypotheses with controls)
Galaxy rotation curve and gravitational lensing fitting
星系旋转曲线和引力透镜拟合
建议作为 Top 1(灭绝/撞击风险) 的一个子任务,而不是单独旗舰项目。
原因:它需要先定义“暗物质天体”是何种可观测对象(暗致密天体、非发光小天体、微引力透镜事件等),然后才能设计探测路线。把它挂到“风险与证据链分级”下最自然。
目前表述有歧义(可能指外太阳系天体动力学的某种异常/平滑化现象)。我建议在 2026 作为 Scoping Note(范围界定笔记):
明确对象(哪些天体/哪些数据集/所谓“变平滑”的统计定义)
再决定 2027 是否升级为旗舰项目
这样不会拖累赞助材料的清晰度。
Juno 任务的重力场测量推动了“稀释核/重元素分布”的多种内部结构模型研究,但仍存在模型不确定性(方程状态、层结构假设等)。NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)+2A&A Publishing+2
这类课题很适合做成 Planetary Interior Research Note(行星内部结构研究笔记):2026 做“模型综述 + 可复现反演框架雏形”,等待未来任务与新数据再升级。
Europa 的地下海证据链包括诱导磁场等;Europa Clipper 的科学目标也与此紧密相关,但其高分辨率数据主要在未来抵达后逐步获得。Space+3NASA Science+3NASA Science+3
建议 2026 做成 Europa Ocean Evidence & Model Note v1:证据分级、数据源整理、可证伪预测清单,为后续 Clipper 数据时代做准备。
E) 暗物质是否产生了引力透镜(以可观测数据检验“时空=暗物质”)为什么选它:引力透镜本身就是“用观测反推质量分布”的成熟路径;赞助方易理解;且能直接服务你们总假设。NASA 也在公开材料中明确指出透镜可用于推断暗物质分布。NASA Science
建议的严谨表述
■ “透镜由引力造成”,关键争论是:质量分布来自暗物质还是替代引力理论;你们应把项目写成“数据对照检验”而非先验结论。子弹星系团等工作常被用于讨论该问题。arXiv+2A&A Publishing+2
2026 核心交付
■ Lensing Control Benchmark v1:选 2–3 个公开系统(如 Bullet Cluster 等),统一数据处理与质量重建指标
■ MEST-TPC 版本 vs 标准暗物质版本 vs 替代引力对照版本:给出可复现的拟合优度/残差/信息准则
■ “Disconfirmation Table”:哪些观测会直接否定“时空=暗物质”的透镜解释
F) 未来是持续变暖,还是进入冰河期(气候方向问题)为什么选它:赞助与传播力极强;但必须把表述从“预测”改成“情景约束与时间尺度”。
科学定位(必须写清)
■ 在百年尺度,IPCC 评估显示人类活动对变暖有明确主导影响(你们可以用这一点作为对照基线)。IPCC+1
■ 在万年尺度,轨道强迫决定冰期节律;近期研究也讨论“下一次冰期”的自然时机及其可能被人类排放推迟。The Current+1
2026 核心交付
■ “Warming vs Glaciation Timescale Brief v1”:把时间尺度拆开(100 年/1000 年/10000 年),给出可核验的边界与文献证据
■ 控制模型:仅用标准气候科学框架(IPCC/轨道强迫)作为主对照;MEST-TPC 只作为“额外可检验项”,避免过度承诺
■ 可视化输出:一个“时间尺度地图”(公众最容易理解)
副标题(科学):天体生物学指标框架、可观测代理指标与数据对接(Astrobiology indicators & observable proxies)
一句话简介:不讲玄学,讲指标:辐射环境、轨道稳定性、灾变频率等“可测量”的生命条件变量。
1) What Is Spacetime?
Scientific subtitle: Mathematical definitions, equation forms, and testable observational signatures of spacetime structure.
One-line summary: Turn “spacetime” from an abstract idea into a structured model that can be written, computed, and tested.

2) Dark Matter and Dark Energy: What Are They Really?
Scientific subtitle: Modeling the dark sector as spacetime-structure and dynamical hypotheses, with explicit controls to prevent correlation-as-causation errors.
One-line summary: Instead of asserting “it is spacetime,” we propose falsifiable models and clear validation roadmaps.

3) Mass–Energy–Spacetime as One System: How the Universe Runs
Scientific subtitle: The MEST (Mass–Energy–Spacetime) coupled framework, conservation structure, and cross-scale reproducible fitting and validation.
One-line summary: Use a unified computable framework to model mass, energy, and spacetime together as a coupled system.

4) Earth’s Mass Extinctions: Why Might They Be Periodic?
Scientific subtitle: Statistical robustness tests of extinction periodicity plus multi-scale coupling validation across Universe–Galaxy–Solar System–Earth dynamics.
One-line summary: Use data and rigorous statistics to test whether a cycle exists, how stable it is, and whether mechanisms are consistent across scales.

5) Can Dark Matter or Spacetime Structure Change Planetary Orbits?
Scientific subtitle: Orbital-dynamics perturbation tests, parameter constraints, and control models.
One-line summary: Focus on planetary orbits—an intuitive, measurable target—and test the hypothesis through falsifiable perturbation predictions.

6) Comet and Asteroid Impacts: How Real Is Earth’s Risk?
Scientific subtitle: Impact Evidence Index (evidence grading) + impact-rate and uncertainty modeling + observational tests for the “Dark Comet” hypothesis.
One-line summary: Quantify impact risk with hard evidence and uncertainty models first, then evaluate “Dark Comet” as an exploratory, testable branch.

7) Dark Matter/Spacetime Structure and Life: Could They Affect Life Cycles and Evolution?
Scientific subtitle: An astrobiology indicator framework using observable proxies and data integration.
One-line summary: Focus on measurable life-relevant variables—radiation environment, orbital stability, catastrophe rates—rather than speculation.